Frequently Asked Questions
When and how do I harvest artichokes?
Cut the main bud while it is still tight, plump, and firm, when the outer scales are closed and the globe is about three to five inches across. Use a sharp knife and leave an inch or two of stem. Side buds that form afterward are smaller but just as tender. If a bud is left to open, it turns into a large purple thistle-like flower that is lovely in the garden but no longer good to eat.
Will artichoke plants come back after winter?
In mild climates, yes. Artichokes are perennials in warm regions, and they grow back from the crown each year, often producing more buds the second year. In colder areas the crown may not survive a hard freeze. Mulch heavily over the crown in late fall to improve its chances, or treat the plants as annuals and start fresh seedlings each spring.
How much space does an artichoke plant need?
More than most vegetables. A mature plant can reach four to six feet tall and wide, so plan on about three to four feet between plants. Because they are so large, they work best in the back of a bed or along a fence line, where they won't shade smaller crops. Seedlings look tiny at transplant time, so it's easy to crowd them.
Can I grow artichokes in a container?
Yes, with a large pot. Artichokes develop a deep root system and a big crown, so choose a container at least 15 gallons in size with drainage holes, and fill it with rich, well-drained potting mix. Container plants dry out faster than those in the ground, so check moisture often and feed regularly.
How much water and fertilizer do artichokes need?
Artichokes are hungry, thirsty plants. Keep the soil evenly moist, especially while buds are forming, and work in compost or a balanced fertilizer at planting time. Feed again every few weeks through the growing season. Watch for aphids on new growth and slugs on young plants, and spray aphids off with water or pick off slugs by hand.